The Tajo River with its tributary the Tiétar River are the main river arteries of the Park, held back by the Torrejón-Tajo and Torrejón-Tiétar dams, built in the heart of the Park and around the Alcántara dam.

The are numerous streams in the Park, which are tributary of the mentioned rivers, and naturally preserve their own courses with not artificial stops. These streams undergo a marked seasonal pattern, so nearly disappear in summer. Some of them are the streams of Barbaon, Malvecino, La Garganta, La Vid, etcetera.